The discharge ‘q’ is required to

Question

For a water turbine, running at constant head and speed, the operating characteristic curves in the given figure shown that upto a certain discharge ‘q’ both output power and efficiency remain zero.                                           (IES-01)

The discharge ‘q’ is required to

1. Overcome initial inertia
2. Overcome initial friction
3. Keep the hydraulic circuit full
4. Keep the turbine running at no load